How covid -19 virus spread among the people ?

 How The Virus Spreads Among People

According to the Centers for Disease Control, in parts of China and other countries the virus is now spreading person-to-person. The CDC says the most common ways the virus spreads from an infected person to healthy people around them is when they cough or sneeze and release viral particles into the air and through touching, shaking hands and others forms of close personal contact. When healthy people touch objects or surfaces on which there are viral particles, then touch their eyes, nose or mouth before washing their hands, the virus can spread. In some rare cases fecal contamination can cause the virus to spread as well.

Potential For Becoming A Pandemic

There are three things this or any other virus must do to cause a pandemic in humans. They are:

Efficiently Infect Humans

Replicate In Humans

Spread Easily Among Humans

Currently it is unclear just how easy it is for the 2019-nCoV virus to spreads from one person to another. To determine this scientists must calculate the virus’ ‘basic reproduction number’. That’s the number of people on average who can catch the virus form one infected person. A recent New England Journal of Medicine article stated the estimated basic reproduction number for the 2019-nCoV virus is 2.2 people. That means each person that is infected has been spreading the 2019-nCoV virus to between 2 and 3 people. This means it has the potential to continue to spread unless public health measures stem the outbreak.

Low Risk For The American Public

According to the Centers for Disease Control, while the outbreaks of new viruses can always cause serious concern, the immediate risk of the 2019-nCoV outbreak to the American public is very low. The CDC points to the small number of people in the U.S. who are infected with the disease and the viruses limited spread in the U.S. as the primary reasons why. However, the CDC points out that the risk of an individual becoming infected “depends on exposure.” Health care workers and people who have relatives and close friends who are infected with 2019-nCoV face an increased risk of becoming infected, the CDC explained.

1Iftekhar Chow

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How to make protect yourself from conrona virus,its spread ?

 

How to Protect Yourself from corona virus,& its spread ?

The best way to slow the spread of the virus is to limit your 

contact with other people. This will help flatten the curve. There are a few ways to do this:

• Work from home if you can.
• Avoid travel when possible. This is especially important if you or someone you live with is older or has a health condition that raises the chances of serious COVID-19 illness.
• Visit with family and friends by phone and computer instead of in person.
• If you must go out, stand at least 6 feet away from people, and wear a cloth face mask.
• Wash your hands often.
• If you’re sick, stay in a separate bedroom away from others in your home.
• Do your shopping, especially for groceries or drugstore items, online if possible.
• Keep your pets away from people and animals outside your home. Cats should stay indoors as much as possible.
• Clean up pet waste properly. Wash your hands afterward and after you touch them, their food, or their toys.
• If you have COVID-19 symptoms, limit contact with your pet. If you can’t have someone else take care of your animals, wear a cloth face mask when you’re around them, and wash your hands before and after you interact with them.

It may seem extreme to limit large gatherings, ask people to work from home, and close schools, restaurants, and theaters. But health experts say these are the best ways to slow the spread of the virus. As some places ease these rules, keep in mind that the virus hasn’t gone away. Be careful about your contact with others.

When to Quarantine or Isolate

To stop the spread of coronavirus, people who are sick need to self-quarantine, or stay away from those who are well. Because you may not show symptoms right away, you should also self-quarantine if you know that you've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.

• Stay at home.
• Don't have visitors.
• Wash your hands often with soap and warm water.
• Don't share personal items like dishes, utensils, and towels.
• Clean frequently touched surfaces like counters, doorknobs, phones, and remote controls.

If you've tested positive for COVID-19, isolate yourself. Stay at home in a room that's separate from everyone else, if possible. Avoid contact with other people and pets. Wear a face mask when you have to be near other people.

If your symptoms get worse, call your doctor or hospital before you go in. Follow their instructions to get medical help.

Isolate yourself until there's no chance that you could spread the virus. Your doctor can tell you when it's safe to stop.

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অনুরোধ

Corona virus covid-19 disease,its symptoms,Diagnosis,prevention.

 Symptoms of COVID-19

The main symptoms include:

· Fever

· Coughing

· Shortness of breath

· Trouble breathing

· Fatigue

· Chills, sometimes with shaking

· Body aches

· Headache

· Sore throat

· Loss of smell or taste

· Nausea

· Diarrhea

The virus can lead to pneumonia, respiratory failure, septic shock, and death. Many COVID-19 complications may be caused by a condition known as cytokine release syndrome or a cytokine storm. This is when an infection triggers your immune system to flood your bloodstream with inflammatory proteins called cytokines. They can kill tissue and damage your organs.

If you notice the following severe symptoms in yourself or a loved one, get medical help right away:

· Trouble breathing or shortness of breath

· Ongoing chest pain or pressure

· New confusion

· Can’t wake up fully

· Bluish lips or face

Strokes have also been reported in some people who have COVID-19. Remember FAST:

· Face. Is one side of the person’s face numb or drooping? Is their smile lopsided?

· Arms. Is one arm weak or numb? If they try to raise both arms, does one arm sag?

· Speech. Can they speak clearly? Ask them to repeat a sentence.

· Time. Every minute counts when someone shows signs of a stroke. Call 911 right away.

If you’re infected, symptoms can show up in as few as 2 days or as many as 14. It varies from person to person.

According to researchers in China, these were the most common symptoms among people who had COVID-19:

· Fever 99%

· Fatigue 70%

· Cough 59%

· Lack of appetite 40%

· Body aches 35%

· Shortness of breath 31%

· Mucus/phlegm 27%

Some people who are hospitalized for COVID-19 have also have dangerous blood clots, including in their legs, lungs, and arteries.

Coronavirus Transmission

How does the coronavirus spread?

SARS-CoV-2, the virus, mainly spreads from person to person.

Most of the time, it spreads when a sick person coughs or sneezes. They can spray droplets as far as 6 feet away. If you breathe them in or swallow them, the virus can get into your body. Some people who have the virus don't have symptoms, but they can still spread the virus.

You can also get the virus from touching a surface or object the virus is on, then touching your mouth, nose, or possibly your eyes. Most viruses can live for several hours on a surface that they land on. A study shows that SARS-CoV-2 can last for several hours on various types of surfaces:

· Copper: 4 hours

Coronavirus Diagnosis

Call your doctor or local health department if you think you’ve been exposed and have symptoms like:

· Fever of 100 F or higher

· Cough

· Trouble breathing

In most states, decisions about who gets tested for COVID-19 are made at the state or local level.

A swab test is the most common method. It looks for signs of the virus in your upper respiratory tract. The person giving the test puts a swab up your nose to get a sample from the back of your nose and throat. That sample usually goes to a lab that looks for viral material, but some areas may have rapid tests that give results in as little as 15 minutes.

If there are signs of the virus, the test is positive. A negative test could mean there is no virus or there wasn’t enough to measure. That can happen early in an infection. It usually takes 24 hours to get results, but the tests must be collected, stored, shipped to a lab, and processed.

The FDA is granting emergency use authorizations for tests that don’t have full approval yet. These include a home nasal swab test, a home saliva test, and tests that check your blood for things called antibodies. Your immune system makes antibodies in response to an infection.

A swab test can only tell whether you have the virus in your body at that moment. But an antibody test can show whether you’ve ever been exposed to the virus, even if you didn’t have symptoms. This is important in officials’ efforts to learn how widespread COVID-19 is. In time, it might also help them figure out who’s immune to the virus.

The FDA is working with laboratories across the country to develop more tests.

Coronavirus Prevention

Coronavirus Prevention

Take these steps:

· Wash your hands often with soap and water or clean them with an alcohol-based sanitizer. This kills viruses on your hands.

· Practice social distancing. Because you can have and spread the virus without knowing it, you should stay home as much as possible. If you do have to go out, stay at least 6 feet away from others.

· Cover your nose and mouth in public. If you have COVID-19, you can spread it even if you don’t feel sick. Wear a cloth face covering to protect others. This isn’t a replacement for social distancing. You still need to keep a 6-foot distance between yourself and those around you. Don’t use a face mask meant for health care workers. And don’t put a face covering on anyone who is:

o Under 2 years old

o Having trouble breathing

o Unconscious or can’t remove the mask on their own for other reasons

· Don’t touch your face. Coronaviruses can live on surfaces you touch for several hours. If they get on your hands and you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth, they can get into your body.

· Clean and disinfect. You can clean first with soap and water, but disinfect surfaces you touch often, like tables, doorknobs, light switches, toilets, faucets, and sinks. Use a mix of household bleach and water (1/3 cup bleach per gallon of water, or 4 teaspoons bleach per quart of water) or a household cleaner that’s approved to treat SARS-CoV-2. You can check the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) website to see if yours made the list. Wear gloves when you clean and throw them away when you’re done.

There’s no proof that herbal therapies and teas can prevent infection.

COVID-19 preparation tips

In addition to practicing the prevention tips listed above, you can:

· Meet as a household or larger family to talk about who needs what.

· If you have people at a higher risk, ask their doctor what to do.

· Talk to your neighbors about emergency planning. Join your neighborhood chat group or website to stay in touch.

· Find community aid organizations that can help with health care, food delivery, and other supplies.

· Make an emergency contact list. Include family, friends, neighbors, carpool drivers, doctors, teachers, employers, and the local health department.

Choose a room (or rooms) where you can keep someone who’s sick or who’s been exposed separate from the rest of you. Coronavirus Prevention

Take these steps:

· Wash your hands often with soap and water or clean them with an alcohol-based sanitizer. This kills viruses on your hands.

· Practice social distancing. Because you can have and spread the virus without knowing it, you should stay home as much as possible. If you do have to go out, stay at least 6 feet away from others.

· Cover your nose and mouth in public. If you have COVID-19, you can spread it even if you don’t feel sick. Wear a cloth face covering to protect others. This isn’t a replacement for social distancing. You still need to keep a 6-foot distance between yourself and those around you. Don’t use a face mask meant for health care workers. And don’t put a face covering on anyone who is:

Under 2 years old

Having trouble breathing

Unconscious or can’t remove the mask on their own for other reasons

· Don’t touch your face. Coronaviruses can live on surfaces you touch for several hours. If they get on your hands and you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth, they can get into your body.

Clean and disinfect. You can clean first with soap and water, but disinfect surfaces you touch often, like tables, doorknobs, light switches, toilets, faucets, and sinks. Use a mix of household bleach and water (1/3 cup bleach per gallon of water, or 4 teaspoons bleach per quart of water) or a household cleaner that’s approved to treat SARS-CoV-2. You can check the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) website to see if yours made the list. Wear gloves when you clean and throw them awa

By Iftekhar Chowdhury ,,very Impotant post ,view ,comments ,

UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCE ABOUT MY SHORT VISIT IN AUSTRALIA

 Australia is a vast land ,but , economically is highly development and its has many

natural resources , most tourist attraction places advances on , educational , & its

digital development ,high speed internet .stable polices situation. , all about most

advances , development country of the world .. .I t is only nation state that in the

world occupies an entire continent .It has no land border with any other country .its

population is only 25 million ,its area about 7.617,930 sq km.2 , most low density of

people living ,about 7 people living per sqkm. Australia has six colonies & federation

state of liberal democratic political system,that function as a federal parliamentary

constitutional monarchy comprising of six state and several territories .Vicoria ,perth,

Queensland Tasmania, Brisbane, Adelaide , is main city . most of the people is living

in coastline ,and urbanized ,most r educated , It is a secure ,country , It has many

natural resources mining,wildlife, nearly 10000 beaches .It is a multi level

culture,multi level national .full of landscapes,forest,it is a commonwealth country,All

infrastructure ,such as political,health,education ,electricity ,housing,road ,high way

road sytem,is plan way making,it is surprised to see that no traffic jam,no noise,no

crowded, no air pullulate ,sewerage is wonderful, and good environment though out

the country . people living on various religion believes, Australian in

was a great and exciting ,wonderful, amazing ,fantastic to us ,it was our first visited Australia to us

Then we are ready go to Australia ,we have boarded Thai international fight from shahjalal international air port Dhaka at 2 clocks ,my brothers ,my son others relative see off to us in the air port ,Dhaka. ,after a 2,half hours fight we have landed savarnabhumi international air port Bangkok .here we have wait 1,half hours ,this air port again check our head bags and body ,now security is very tight every air port anyhow again we r boarded Thai TG 461 fight reroute to Melbourne ,it is big plane aftera 9 hours journey we r landed in the Melbourne International air port ,my son and his wife has received to us in the Melbourne airport ,it is really amazing, pleasant ,exciting journey to us

There is many destination to visit Australia, like Tasmania ,Brisbane ,queesland ,perth

,Adelaide,all has great tourist attraction ,Australia govt and private company million of $ investment for the deployment tourist spot everywhere ,so every year million of million people coming to to Australia as visitor and student ,business purpose . ,by this time we visited Melbourne, and Sydney,It is our family visiting so we have no need to hire guide ,my son always with us and enable to visited all destination in Melbourne ,Sydney,it has many offer to visit many tourist attraction places by this time we have attended our first birth day party of our daughter of law ,Natin, I am briefly describe ,where we have to visited ? enjoyed .

Melbourne is a rapidly growing city of nearly 5 million people,the climate is nice ,good infrastructure ,political stability ,well education ,good business center,good educational places,,and world most livable city .

1, Federation square,

It was established in the year 1960, but redeveloped in the 1990,to srves as a town square for melborne .it is localed opposite from town hall at the conner of swanstion and flinders street, it is a for major culture institution ,including the national gallery of Victoria , ACMI, Australia centre for the moving images, u see here 1st T.V discovery,,SBS,Radio head quarters ,know the history of flim,television,digital culture ,u can eat excellent burgers ,coffee,pizza,.

2,Flinders street station,-it is a iconic building on the of flinder &swanston sreets in the central city ,the central railway station for the train network that services the suburbs of Melbourne .opened 1844,it was the first railway station ,in 1926 it was the world busiest train station

Brief description, that we have visited ,

Queen victora markets,The crown,Docklands,china town,Eureka sky deck,Shrina of remembrances, Melbourne zoo, port Melbourne,Yarra River cruises,Melbourne Museum,st pauls cathedral,cook cottage,south wharf,Royal Botanic garder, The crown,Melbourne zoo, Queen Victora market,–Is the largest open air market in the city ,features many stalls,selling all kinds of items from meat,sea food,fruits,vegetables,souvenirs,cloths,jewelry,shoes,watch, and lot more,we drinks caffe here,

Famous great ocean Road, Phillips island,The twelve apostles,Grampian national parks,

Visited parliament house,one of the oldest and most architecturally distinguished public building ,free guided tour ,it is really wonderful to me .

Phillip island nature parks,

Only one hours drive from Melbourne Phillips island it was offer a spectacular coastal environment with in abundances of Australia wildlife ,wonderful experiences see the magic of little penguin crossing the beach at sun set . others attraction like we visited koala conservation centre,chocolate factory .

Great ocean road,-which begins two hours drive south west of Melbourne ,it is best known road trips,and most exciting ,wonderful drive rugged coastline produces the waves suffed at famous bell beach, this road was build army men who lost their life second war 2, and we also visited 12 aposstles these much instagrammed rock formation are continually eroded by the ocean ,changing we have travel free tram zone in the city if u like travel bus ,train use myki reusable travel cards, public transport u may used ptv cards

Visited port Melbourne

We have enjoyed stroll along the beach sea breeze ,saw the station pier at port melboune and passengers terminals for cruise ships navy ships

Yarra river cruises ,

We have taken wonderful experience from the water ,sightseeing cruise on a ferry enjoyed spectacular views of the city

Royal Botanic gardens – finest kind of the world ,established in 1846, which more than 38 hectares with more than 8,500 species of plants and u we have saw aboriginal heritage walkis,rich heritages of indigenous Australian,

We do not miss Melbourn cricket ground visiting , MCG is considered one of the world greatest stadiums for the 1956 Olympic games, & 2006 commonwealth games

Melbourne star observation wheel ,visited,

Visited state library of Victoria,

Bendigo –Bendigo 1.30 minutes drive from Melbourne,beautiful street all way drive ,smooth speed limited ,camera fitting here we have visited Deborah gold mine with mine hat ,lamp, 85 metrt underground by expert guide it is quite adventured visiting to us ,gold mining project,how gold is exacted from field ?really exciting and most experiences after visit it ,its recovery ? and we have seen bendigo art gallery , visited bendigo all attractive touist spot ,and shopping from gift shop,Taken lunch all of in KFC,DRINKcafee ,

We have been visited all land marks and sights all impressive architecture, laneways , all heritage of Melbourne .

Melbourne to Sydney 1000 km 10 hours drive we r ear ly in the morning we have started to visit Sydney by my son car my son drive the car ,, very nice high way road ,,but limited speed we can not drive 130 mies up in the streets ,it has camera fitting alert the speed, both sides of road very attractive sightseeing ,not traffic jam,we reached sydeny at 6 p.m in Australia time that is 9 t0 10 hrs drive we r booking Olympics parks one flat with all opportunity in the room, we have visited famous opera house , Ha rbour bridge ,ride the ferry to manly,blue mountains,bridge climb,most of the beach,like bondi, others sandy beach we not miss delicious places to eat ,drink ,in the kfc,macdonal ,

The Sydney Opera House is an instantly recognisable Sydney landmark and architectural marvel, but it is also the heart of cultural life in the Harbour City. The Opera House hosts plays, talks, concerts and, of course, opera, and you can even get behind the scenes. A backstage tour gives you access to the corridors and green rooms of the Sydney Opera House usually reserved for musicians and performers. You’ll also learn why this building is such a focal point for Sydneysiders, and secrets you wouldn’t discover by simply photographing the bright white sails. When your tour is over grab a drink or a bite to eat right on the harbour at the popular Opera Bar or Opera Kitchen.

It’s highly unusual for a world city to have so many stunning beaches just minutes from its centre, but in Sydney you can find yourself swimming at a famous stretch of sand such as Bondi Beach or Manly Beach within 25 minutes of leaving your city hotel. Beaches are an integral part of life here: many Sydneysiders wake up, grab a coffee and have a swim in the ocean before going to work in the morning. If you’re heading to Bondi, try a post-swim coffee at Speedos Café, so named after the popular Australian swimwear brand that originated here in 1914.

We have enjoyed climb to the Sydney harboure bridge and dating back to 1932, the Sydney Harbour Bridge is one of Australia’s grandest engineering feats. Visitors are free to walk or cycle across this

vasstructure, but book a BridgeClimb for the opportunity to scale to the summit and enjoy unbeatable panoramic views. Expeditions will take you high into its arches before reaching its peak, 134 metres (440 feet) above sea level. No special climbing skills are required, and there are various sessions throughout the day, including at twilight and dawn.

As concluding, as I have what about Australia I have seen only two city ,through It is biggest advantages that I wish to elaborate on here that quality of lfe that I have seen aussies ,it is less crime ,good environment ,great infrastructure ,good culture ,affordable health care ,and hosing ,education,,great work life balances,power of strong currency ,lawfulness,abject fear of the law ,trust,

Aussies inherently tend to trust each others ,most corruption free, very much respect to law ,and all pay tax ,

So do u like go to Australia ,temporary, or PR,or tourist,holiday,invest ment business ,student .

Here’s the Step-by-Step process to apply for Australian PR without wasting money on consultants.

Your goal is to reach 65 Points. If you reach 70–75 points, you can get PR within a week as well.

I got mine in 5 days!

Here’s the simplified Table for point

.

Step 1: Register for IELTS and Prepare

There are other tests that can be used in place for IELTS, such as PTE, but it is compulsory to take an English test.

The good news is that only IELTS General Training Test is required, which is much simpler than Academic Training.IELTS test has 4 components: Reading, Listening, Writing and Speaking.

In order to get 10 points towards total score, you need to have at least 7 score in each of the 4 components. And in order to get 20 points towards total score, you need to have at least 8 score in each of the 4 components.

Here are some smart IELTS hacks for you to increase your score by 1–2 Band overnight: Ultimate Guide to Hacking IELTS

.

Step 2: Skills Assessment from relevant authority.

For Engineering, it’s Engineers Australia. For Computer Science and Software Engineering, it’s ACS.

This is the step to secure 15 points for Bachelors or Masters Degree, and another 5 to 10 points for work.

Once you visit your relevant skills assessment authority’s website, click on ‘Apply For Migration Skills Assessment’ and follow the instructions.

.

Step 3: Expression of Interest (EOI)

After completing step 1 and 2, you are ready to submit your Expression of Interest (EOI).

EOI is completed online by logging into portal called, SkillSelect.

It is completely FREE to submit and it didn’t take me more than 30 minutes to fill in the information.

Select visa type: Skilled – Independent (Subclass 189)

Enter your IETLS score information, Education qualification, and Employment details.

On the Skills Assessment section, select your occupation, as the one that has been endorsed by relevant authority in Step 2.

No documents are needed to be attached for any proof at this stage but reference number for both IELTS and Skills Assessment has to be provided.

.

Step 4: Visa Application

You will have 60 days after the EOI acceptance invitation to make a visa application.

Follow this link to Immigration portal.

This step is extremely simple as well.

You just have to submit visa application form online which will take 5 minutes to fill as most of the information will be repeated from EOI.

Then you will attach scanned versions of relevant documents (don’t have to be certified).

Documents Required:

– Positive Skills Assessment evidence

– Age (Passport or Birth Certificate)

– IELTS Result

– Degree & Employment Proof

After about a month, they asked me for Form 80. This was a bit lengthy form to fill in.

Information to fill in form 80:

Residential addresses for last 10 years

Travel history for last 10 years (trick I used to complete this section was to see the stamps and dates of those stamps on my passport)

Internships and part-time work information

Parents and siblings’ basic information (name, date of birth, citizenship)

2-line answer to why I am traveling to Australia, and why do I want to remain in Australia

This part was lengthy but simple and no extra documentary evidence was required.

Once submitted, you will be asked to submit Police Character Certificate and also get Medical check-up done from the designated lab in your city.

And that’s it!

Aer co mpleting Step 4, you will get an awesome email with PR in just a month or two

#Iftekhar uddin chowdhury ,former senior officer ,baec,social worker ,tek para ,coxsbazar, 

Past President ,Apex Club international,coxsbazar.Bangladesh.

Bangladesh.